{"id":14079,"date":"2018-09-22T14:22:32","date_gmt":"2018-09-22T12:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/plantenplagen\/plum\/"},"modified":"2024-03-07T19:30:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T18:30:23","slug":"plum","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/plum\/","title":{"rendered":"Plum"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text el_id=”topentry” el_class=”topentry”]Plums belong to the stone fruits (drupes). Plums should not be pruned in the winter, when the trees are very susceptible to silver leaf<\/a>, a fungus.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=”middle” css=”.vc_custom_1627123481876{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 5px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 5px !important;background-color: #ccffff !important;border-radius: 20px !important;}” el_id=”mobile”][vc_column offset=”vc_hidden-lg vc_hidden-md vc_hidden-sm”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1649260074087{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}” el_id=”mobiel”]<\/p>\n

You are viewing the mobile-adapted version of the page.<\/span>
\nThe one for tablets, laptop and desktop also provides general information, such as origin and cultivation.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=”35″ css=”.vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″ offset=”vc_hidden-xs”][vc_single_image image=”1537″ img_size=”medium” add_caption=”yes” style=”vc_box_rounded” onclick=”img_link_large”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1649260104301{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}” offset=”vc_hidden-xs”][vc_column_text el_id=”topentry” el_class=”topentry”]Plum<\/strong> – (Prunus domestica)<\/em> belong to the stone fruits (drupes). Plums should not be pruned in the winter, when the trees are very susceptible to silver leaf, a fungus. Pruning can be done after flowering in spring or immediately after they bear fruit. In addition, pruning wounds heal faster in spring and fall than in winter.
\nClean up fallen plums in the fall to avoid frequent visits from wasps.
\nBecause plum trees, like all stone fruit trees, are susceptible to silver leaf, the trees should be pruned not in winter but in spring (after flowering) or after harvest (August, September). Prune away branches that hang too low, as well as intersecting branches.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_custom_heading text=”Bugs” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” google_fonts=”font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal” css=”.vc_custom_1532164328547{background-color: #585858 !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”entrytxt”]Ripe fruits are eaten: wasp<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Deformed and discolored leaves: aphids<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Dot-shaped spots on the leaves, mites<\/a> on the underside: red spider mite<\/a> (Tetranychus urticae)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Feeding on sprouting buds and young leaves: caterpillars of the winter moth<\/a> (Operophtera brumata)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"resin<\/a>
Sticky, resinous drop on a plum, photo: Conny Willaert<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Resinous droplet on plum: plum fruit moth<\/a> (Grapholita funebrana<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\"Recognize<\/a>
Infested and contaminated flesh by larvae of the plum fruit moth, photo: Anna Heikens<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The flesh is infested and contaminated (caterpillar droppings) by larvae of the plum fruit moth (Grapholita funebrana)<\/em>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″ css=”.vc_custom_1532102781238{background-color: #ffffff !important;}”][vc_custom_heading text=”Fungi & diseases” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” google_fonts=”font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal” css=”.vc_custom_1537887418877{background-color: #585858 !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”entrytxt”]Reddish spots on leaves turn to brown, mesophyll dies, holes fall in leaves: Shot hole disease<\/a> (Stigmina carpophila<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Brown rot<\/a>, photo: Rasbak – CC BY-SA 3.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fungal spores on ripe plum: Brown rot (Monilinia spp.)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Leaves take on a silvery sheen: silver leaf (Chondrostereum purpureum).<\/em><\/p>\n

Leaf early falls off, brown gum appears on dead bark: Bacterial canker<\/a> (Pseudomonas syringae)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Cushion bracket on cherry tree<\/a>, photo: Jan Vogd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Brownish-yellow fungi on the branches and trunk: cushion bracket<\/a> (Phellinus tuberculosus)<\/em>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″ css=”.vc_custom_1532102799994{background-color: #ffffff !important;}”][vc_custom_heading text=”Other” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” google_fonts=”font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal” css=”.vc_custom_1532164377225{background-color: #585858 !important;}”][vc_column_text el_id=”entrytxt” el_class=”entrytxt”]Frost rings or rough spots on plums: frost damage. Early-blooming fruits such as cherry, plum and peach<\/a> are susceptible to frost. Frost damages the blossom, reducing fruit setting, fruit falls from the tree prematurely (‘moulting’). Unopened flower buds tolerate a few degrees of frost.<\/p>\n

Vertical cracks in the bark of the trunk: Bark cracks<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"recognize<\/a>
Drop of sugar juice to ripening plum, photo: PlantEnPlagen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Drip of sugar juice on the ripening fruit: a lot of rain follows a dry period, causing the fruit to burst and sugar juice to escape. Not to be confused with the resinous drop caused by the plum fruit moth. Plums affected by the<\/wbr> plum fruit moth contain worms and poop; these plums are no longer edible. Plums cracked by drought and then rain are unaffected and still edible. Some plum varieties are more susceptible to drought cracking than others.<\/p>\n

\"Recognizing<\/a>
Nectaries on petioles of cherry<\/wbr>tree, photo: Anita Van de Camp<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There are thickenings on the petioles. These are nectaries located outside the flowers. These extrafloral nectaries<\/a><\/em> occur on bracts, supporting leaves, petioles and leaves. These nectaries attract wasps and ants protecting the plant from pests. The honey from these nectaries is of lower quality than that of the nectaries inside a flower. Extrafloral nectaries are found in prunus species (cherry tree), acacia and passion flowers.<\/p>\n

\"recognize
A glut of fruit (apples), photo: J.N. Smit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fruiting follows after flowering. Usually there is an excess of small fruits. Between late May and mid-June, however, many plums fall off: the June molt<\/em>. A natural process in which the tree rejects all weak fruits. See also fruit thinning<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":14,"template":"","categories":[],"tags":[],"encyclopedia-category":[653],"encyclopedia-tag":[919],"class_list":["post-14079","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry","encyclopedia-category-vegetable-garden","encyclopedia-tag-stone-fruit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/14079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14079"},{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-category?post=14079"},{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=14079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}