{"id":12729,"date":"2019-12-26T17:00:10","date_gmt":"2019-12-26T16:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/plantenplagen\/dutch-elm\/"},"modified":"2023-05-07T17:44:52","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T15:44:52","slug":"dutch-elm","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/dutch-elm\/","title":{"rendered":"Dutch elm"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\" id=\"wpb-content-root\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column width=&rdquo;2\/3&Prime;][vc_column_text el_id=&rdquo;topentry&rdquo; el_class=&rdquo;topentry&rdquo;]The Dutch elm is a hybrid of the Wych elm and the field elm. The tree can grow more than 30 meters high.<!--more-->[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/3&Prime;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=&rdquo;middle&rdquo; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1627123481876{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 5px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 5px !important;background-color: #ccffff !important;border-radius: 20px !important;}&rdquo; el_id=&rdquo;mobile&rdquo;][vc_column offset=&rdquo;vc_hidden-lg vc_hidden-md vc_hidden-sm&rdquo;][vc_column_text css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1627123409680{padding: 0px !important;border: 0px initial !important;}&rdquo; el_id=&rdquo;mobiel&rdquo;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000099;\">You are viewing the mobile-adapted version of the page.<\/span><br>\n<span style=\"color: #000099;\">The one for tablets, laptop and desktop also provides general information, such as origin, toxicity and cultivation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=&rdquo;35&Prime; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}&rdquo;][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/2&Prime; offset=&rdquo;vc_hidden-xs&rdquo;][vc_single_image image=&rdquo;5197&Prime; img_size=&rdquo;medium&rdquo; add_caption=&rdquo;yes&rdquo; style=&rdquo;vc_box_rounded&rdquo; onclick=&rdquo;img_link_large&rdquo;][vc_column_text el_id=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo; el_class=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1676306103316{padding-left: 10px !important;}&rdquo;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Dutch elm is non-toxic, leaves and inner bark are edible. However, long-term exposure to elm sawdust (forestry) can cause hypersensitivity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/2&Prime; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1649257610527{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}&rdquo; offset=&rdquo;vc_hidden-xs&rdquo;][vc_column_text el_id=&rdquo;topentry&rdquo; el_class=&rdquo;topentry&rdquo;]<strong>Dutch elm<\/strong> &ndash; <em>(Ulmus &times;hollandica)<\/em>, a hybrid of the Wych elm <em>(Ulmus glabra)<\/em> and the field elm <em>(Ulmus minor)<\/em>. The tree can grow more than 30 meters high. The bark is grooved. The leaf has two unequal halves. The Dutch elm is susceptible to the Dutch elm<wbr><\/wbr>disease.<\/p>\n<p>A well-known cultivar of the Dutch elm is the Ulmus Hollandica Wredei Golden Elm <em>(Ulmus &times; hollandica<\/em> &lsquo;Wredei&rsquo;<em>).<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5201\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5201\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goudiep.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5201 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goudiep-500x464.jpg\" alt=\"Recognize Ulmus Hollandica Wredei Golden Elm\" width=\"500\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goudiep-500x464.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goudiep-768x713.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goudiep.jpg 776w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5201\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ulmus Hollandica Wredei Golden Elm, photo: Wouter Hagens &ndash; CC0 public domain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=&rdquo;yes&rdquo;][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/3&Prime;][vc_custom_heading text=&rdquo;Bugs&rdquo; font_container=&rdquo;tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff&rdquo; google_fonts=&rdquo;font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal&rdquo; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1532164328547{background-color: #585858 !important;}&rdquo;][vc_column_text el_class=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo;]<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5205\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5205\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vraatspoor_iepenzigzagbladwesp.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5205 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vraatspoor_iepenzigzagbladwesp-500x293.jpg\" alt=\"Recognize foraging on elm\" width=\"500\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vraatspoor_iepenzigzagbladwesp-500x293.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vraatspoor_iepenzigzagbladwesp-768x451.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vraatspoor_iepenzigzagbladwesp.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5205\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Characteristic zigzag pattern on elm leaf, photo: Dr. Oldekop &ndash; CC0 public domain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Zigzag pattern in leaf: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/elm-zigzag-sawfly\/\" target=\"_blank\" title='[vc_row][vc_column width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"topentry\" el_class=\"topentry\"]Elm zigzag sawfly, this five-millimeter sawfly is native to East Asia and was first spotted in Europe just before World War II.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"entrytxt\" el_class=\"entrytxt\" css=\".vc_custom_1577547141948{padding-left: 20px !important;}\"][\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=\"35\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"5209\" img_size=\"medium\" add_caption=\"yes\" style=\"vc_box_rounded\" onclick=\"img_link_large\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162092980{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column_text el_class=\"entrytxt\"]Elm zigzag sawfly (Aproceros leucopoda). This five-mm-long sawfly is native&hellip;' class=\"encyclopedia\">Elm zigzag sawfly<\/a> <em>(Aproceros leucopoda)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5415\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5415\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5415\" src=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/meikever_vliegend-500x405.jpg\" alt=\"recognizing cockchafer\" width=\"500\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/meikever_vliegend-500x405.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/meikever_vliegend.jpg 758w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5415\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/cockchafer\/\" target=\"_blank\" title='[vc_row][vc_column width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"topentry\" el_class=\"topentry\"]Cockchafer, these 3 cm medium-sized beetles are somewhat similar to the garden chafer and summer chafer. Like the last two beetles, the common cockchafer belongs to the scarab beetles. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"entrytxt\" el_class=\"entrytxt\" css=\".vc_custom_1683382806619{padding-left: 20px !important;}\"]Also known as: Maybug Maybeetle[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=\"35\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"3719\" img_size=\"medium\" add_caption=\"yes\" style=\"vc_box_rounded\" onclick=\"img_link_large\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162092980{background-color:&hellip;' class=\"encyclopedia\">Cockchafer<\/a> with wings unfolded, photo: Mario Sarto &ndash; CC BY-SA 3.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Adult cockchafer <em>(Melolontha melolontha)<\/em> eats leaves and flowers: cockchafer. Cockchafers can become a nuisance and eat entire trees bare.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/3&Prime; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1532102781238{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&rdquo;][vc_custom_heading text=&rdquo;Fungi &amp; diseases&rdquo; font_container=&rdquo;tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff&rdquo; google_fonts=&rdquo;font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal&rdquo; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1537885449118{background-color: #585858 !important;}&rdquo;][vc_column_text el_class=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo;]Branches wilt, die, then the whole tree dies: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/dutch-elm-disease\/\" target=\"_blank\" title='[vc_row][vc_column width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"topentry\" el_class=\"topentry\"]Dutch elm disease is caused by fungi developing in the vascular tissue of the tree.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/3\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=\"35\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"5213\" img_size=\"medium\" add_caption=\"yes\" style=\"vc_box_rounded\" onclick=\"img_link_large\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162092980{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column_text el_class=\"entrytxt\"]Dutch Elm Disease (DED) is caused by the fungi Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. These fungi develop in the the vascular tissue&hellip;' class=\"encyclopedia\">Dutch elm disease<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_781\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-781\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Meniezwammetje.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-781\" src=\"https:\/\/plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Meniezwammetje-500x375.jpg\" alt=\"Recognize coral spot (Nectria cinnabarina)\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Meniezwammetje-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Meniezwammetje-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Meniezwammetje.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-781\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/plantenplagen\/coral-spot\/\" target=\"_blank\" title='[vc_row][vc_column width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"topentry\" el_class=\"topentry\"]Fungus that lives on dead wood.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text el_id=\"entrytxt\" el_class=\"entrytxt\" css=\".vc_custom_1537948796051{padding-left: 20px !important;}\"]Also known as: Fire[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=\"35\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162142715{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"781\" img_size=\"medium\" add_caption=\"yes\" style=\"vc_box_rounded\" onclick=\"img_link_large\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" css=\".vc_custom_1532162092980{background-color: #e6e6e6 !important;}\"][vc_column_text el_class=\"entrytxt\"]Coral spot (Nectria cinnabarina) is a fungus that generally lives on dead branches. The small orange-red raised spots contain the spores. The spores&hellip;' class=\"encyclopedia\">Coral spot<\/a>, photo: Pethan &ndash; CC BY-SA 3.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Small, orange-red raised spots appear on affected branches, which can be either dead or living branches: Coral spot <em>(Nectria cinnabarina)<\/em>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&rdquo;1\/3&Prime; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1532102799994{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&rdquo;][vc_custom_heading text=&rdquo;Other&rdquo; font_container=&rdquo;tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff&rdquo; google_fonts=&rdquo;font_family:Lato%3A100%2C100italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:400%20regular%3A400%3Anormal&rdquo; css=&rdquo;.vc_custom_1532164377225{background-color: #585858 !important;}&rdquo;][vc_column_text el_id=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo; el_class=&rdquo;entrytxt&rdquo;]Woodpeckers are often found on elms, sometimes causing damage by making nest cavities in often young elms.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":14,"template":"","categories":[],"tags":[],"encyclopedia-category":[667],"encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-12729","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry","encyclopedia-category-ornamental-garden"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/12729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12729"},{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-category?post=12729"},{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantenplagen.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=12729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}